DVIGATELESTROENIYE # 3 (241) 2010

SYNOPSIS

ANALYSES, DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF ENGINES

Keywords: HCCI engine, working cycle, mixed fuel, combustion velocity, indicating parameters. The authors carried out calculations of combustion cycle in HCCI engine firing natural gas/methoxymethane mixture. The calculations yielded optimum parameters of working substance at the beginning of compression phase. Combustion parameters can be best optimized by varying methoxymethane injection rate.

Keywords: high-speed photography, fuel jet, velocity profile, fuel jet structure. The article discusses a hypothesis of fuel jet structure based on high-speed fuel jet photos shot in a cold bomb for various injection modes. Fuel jet longitudinal structure is supposed to be discrete or near-discrete, i.e. consisting of several segments. Fuel jet structure depends on a character of turbulent outflow of fuel from the nozzle. At that, fuel jet takes a shape of a velocity profile.

AUTOMATION AND DIAGNISTICS

Keywords: transport, marine engines, local area networks, multiplex systems. The article discusses structure and algorithms of multiplex communication systems used in engine electronic control circuits. Such systems are very compact and easily fit into any diesel engine architecture.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Keywords: marine and locomotive engines, design trends, exhaust standards, competitiveness. Substantial (staged) reduction of permissible pollutant contents in diesel engine exhaust gas became the principal driving force for world engine builders. As far as energy- and environment-saving technologies in transport engineering and engine building are concerned, Russian Federation has neither distinct national policy nor development road map. This is the reason why domestic engine builders have already lost competition for external markets, and are being ousted from Russian marketplace.

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ISSUES

Keywords: non-road diesel engines, low-load operation, charge air preheating, fuel economy. The results are presented of analyses and tests of charge air preheating systems under low or zero load as applied to type CHN21/21 diesel engines. This technology is shown as contributing into engine fuel efficiency.

Keywords: high-powered diesel engine, Hyperbar supercharge system, propulsion unit, marine propulsion unit operating conditions. The article discusses modernization options for marine propulsion unit powered by Hyperbar diesel engine. Based on the analyses of �power vs speed� curves and hill diagrams for marine diesel engine coupled with propulsor, operating conditions of Hyperbar system during start and at low speed are demonstrated as nonoptimal. Solutions are offered to partially or fully substitute Hyperbar system.

Keywords: marine diesel engines, systems, pumps, functional reliability. The result are presented of statistical studies of pumps included in marine diesel engine systems. Causes of typical failures in marine pumps are analyzed. Finally, ways are reviewed of how to enhance functional reliability of marine pumps.

ENGINE BUILDING HISTORY

Keywords: Lenoir engine, history, construction, principle of operation. History is presented of creation and early development of first gas internal combustion engine by French engineer Lenoir in 1860. Construction, principle of operation and effective parameters of the new heat engine are considered.

ENGINE BUILDING NEWS

Keywords: diesel engine, exhaust emission, future emission standards, compliance strategies. In year 2014 most of industrialized country will enact new emission standards for non-road diesel engines, that imply much harsher restrictions on exhaust pollutants. Most of experts agree that potential of "internal" means to meet new standards (i.e. combustion process improvement) is largely exhausted. Therefore, hopes are mostly pinned on "external" means, i.e. aftertreatment systems.